Causes and effects of xenophobia pdf

He said the energy, healthcare, education, water and security sectors are in crisis and need urgent attention. What are the effects of xenophobia on foreign nationals. K green writing 2 xenophobia xenophobia can be seen throughout everyday life and throughout the world in several different cultures. The year 1994 saw the south african state being oriented into a new nation. Xenophobia will cause incredible damage to economy fin24. An analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications of xenophobia in south africa mamokhosi choane, lukong stella shulika, and mandla mthombeni insight on africa 2011 3. From apartheid to democracy and now its xenophobic attacks. It is important to recognize that these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, but rather offer different levels of explanation for xenophobia within contemporary south africa.

Yet despite its notoriety, xenophobia in south africa has been one of those. The roots of xenophobia lie in the upbringing of a person. Violent attacks against migrants have sparked outrage in south africa and protests across the continent if youve been affected by the violence, or have been speaking out, wed like to. Some, like michael neocosmos, director of global movements research at the university of south africa unisa, recall antimigrant sentiment in the early nineties, when the new government was in the midst of planning new economic policies and politicians of all stripes began drumming up antiimmigrant. Muslims allowed christians and jews to make pilgrimages to visit jerusalem.

Xenophobia xenophobia is the fear of foreigners resulting in violent actions. Pdf an analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications. A retrospective study of the effects of xenophobia on south. This has to do with prejudice and slavery, the leading causes of the civil war. Reflections, narratives and recommendations hussein solomon university of the free state, republic of south africa hitomi kosaka osaka university, japan and university of the free state abstract xenophobia, simply put, is the fear or.

The term is typically used to describe a fear or dislike foreigners or of people significantly different a. Governmentcommissioned report says media houses played a role in the deadly 2015 xenophobic attacks in kwazulunatal. Some of the causes of xenophobia can be grouped into three hypotheses, namely, the scapegoating hypothesis, the isolation hypotheses, and the bio cultural hypotheses. A person suffering from xenophobia might have symptoms such as anxiety, sweating and increased heart rate and breathing. Pdf the effects of xenophobia on south africanigeria. By article pdf available in international journal of humanities and social science 88. Rather, as the following interview extracts reveal, it results in. The environment led to development of new discrimination exercise on specific victims especially the black foreigner. Psychological causes and consequences of racism, racial. This prompts the need to assess the possible gaps associated with the effects of xenophobic attacks. For example, you may know that it is safe to be out on a balcony in a highrise block, but feel terrified to go out on it or even enjoy the view. According to studies, discrimination causes a direct effect on victims behavior. Failure to maintain the rule of law the governments repeated failures to bring levels of violent crime under control contributed to an environment which saw people resort to violence without fear of arrest or successful prosecution.

The continue of migration of zimbabweans into south africa leads to xenophobia towards zimbabweans 2. Violence against foreign nationals has grabbed local and international headlines, but stehlik said there are a few other major concerns that need to be addressed holistically in sa. Documentation of south africas contemporary structural and human crises follows, as these appear closely related to the xenophobic. Causes and effects of illegal immigration earth eclipse. The latest wave of xenophobic attacks is undergirded by the belief foreigners are to blame for south africas social and economic woes. Xenophobia in south africa causes, attacks and history. Here, well check out the causes and negative effects of xenophobia. Another reason for xenophobia is the history of the victim and the person that appears in their mind. This is misleading, because xenophobia in south africa is not restricted to a fear or dislike of foreigners.

An analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications of. But, in certain cases, the fear is unwarranted and the anger or reactions of. Genetic and environmental factors can cause phobias. Other than the trigger, the symptoms for xenophobia are very similar to other anxiety. Then in may 2008, xenophobia rose up in a new light and took a whole new look, in an uprise that left more than 62 people dead. Xenophobia has an adverse effect on the society as well as economy of a region. The effects of xenophobia on south africanigeria relations. For instance, people are afraid that their roles in jobs may be replaced by people from other countries. A critical study of the phenomenon and pragmatic solutions for south africa in the postapartheid period, thousands of refugees, migrant workers and other categories of foreign nationals have been attacked, killed, displaced or deprived of their property in xenophobic attacks throughout south africa. Xenophobia has become a more global term rather than a mental health issue.

Sep, 2019 the latest wave of xenophobic attacks is undergirded by the belief foreigners are to blame for south africas social and economic woes. In this article, we explore the various causes of illegal immigration and also look at some of its major effects. While racism defines prejudice based solely on ethnicity, ancestry or race, xenophobia covers any kind of fear related. Unemployment and mounting poverty among south africans at the bottom of the economic ladder have provoked. Xenophobia in south africa a brief summary by alice. In addition, there is a final chapter covering developments and policies at the eu level in combating racism and xenophobia. Causes of xenophobia xenophobia with related symptoms can be caused by an extremely traumatic experience, such as a violent assault by a foreigner, a terrorist attack, or genocide. Xenophobia in south africa a brief summary by alice wamundiya. Children who have a close relative with an anxiety disorder are at risk of developing a phobia. Rather, its more about kneejerk mistrust, dislike, and hatred for people who arent part of your group. Xenophobia is an anxiety disorder in which meeting strangers or foreigners causes extreme reactions of fear.

Illegal immigration is the movement of foreign nationals into a country without requisite legal documents or in any way that flouts the destination countrys immigration laws. Abstract the underlying causes of xenophobia are complex and varied. Medically, it can also be considered an adjustment disorder or regarded as related to post traumatic stress disorder. The underlying causes of xenophobia are complex and varied. The south african institute of race relations this morning described the wave of violence that has gripped johannesburg and surrounding areas for the past week as a direct response to policy failures on the part of thabo mbekis government. It goes without saying that the community will be looked down upon by others and on a global platform as well.

Psychology of xenophobia and how it affects everyone betterhelp. Xenophobia has to do with contemptuous of that which is foreign, especially of strangers or of people from different countries or cultures. What is behind south africas xenophobic attacks on. Apr 24, 2015 xenophobia is one of many problems in sa.

The key findings in this study were, firstly, that the causes for xenophobia were twofold. What causes the rise of xenophobia in south africa. But, contrary to popular belief, xenophobia in south africa is not just a problem of the poor. Xenophobia is when people are afraid or hate another race. Jul 15, 2017 20170715 xenophobic attacks is one of the many threats to the security of the world, and so, a desperate need by all to help get measures to put in place so as to help reduce or get rid of it. An analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications of xenophobia in south africa article pdf available in africa insight 32 july 2011 with 14,982 reads how we measure reads. Its not unique to south africa, and is based usually on ignorance and intolerance for people who are different t. A phobia is an extreme form of fear or anxiety triggered by a particular situation such as going outside or object such as spiders, even when there is no danger. Perhaps not to the individual, but to his relatives, his troop, his genes. Jun 10, 2015 causes of xenophobia some of the causes of xenophobia can be grouped into three hypotheses, namely, the scapegoating hypothesis, the isolation hypotheses, and the bio cultural hypotheses. Xenophobia is experienced in the north and the south, in the southern african development community sadc regions and other countries. Many political ingredients have been claimed to be causing xenophobic attacks in places like south africa.

In an interview with the department of home affairs spokesperson mayihlome tshwete, south african brand kenneth diole from the south african institute for in. In extreme and rare cases of xenophobia, a person can display a morbid preoccupation with strangers or foreigners, and might even cause them harm. After 2008, it looked like the issue of xenophobia died down. This article explores sociological, social psychological, and multicultural research to examine the causes of negative attitudes toward immigrants.

Psychology of xenophobia and how it affects everyone. There is no unanimity of opinions or reasons for the various xenophobia attacks in south while the first school of thought view the xenophobia attacks as a consequence of increased crimes and criminality being perpetuated by foreigners in south africa, the second school on the contrary attributed the causes to the envy south. According to a 2004 study published by the southern african migration project samp. Jul, 2012 xenophobia is neither the fear of xeni, nor of xena.

Report on racism and xenophobia in the member states of. Moreover, different types of discrimination have a direct impact on a particular group, and an additional effect on other groups. Xenophobia is a dislike and or fear of that which is unknown or different from one. The objective of this article, therefore, was to assess the effects of xenophobic attacks on the economic development of south africa. Effects of xenophobic attacks on the economic development. Causes and effects of xenophobia, the strange fear of.

Xenophobia is a broad notion, associated with a variety of meanings. With the many differences and struggles that are faced in the world, it is almost inevitable to go throughout life without passing judgment on another. Interconnection of two different yet similar cultures globalization 2. Project topic and materials download projects and materials. Understanding the causes and the nature of xenophobia in south africa. What is the malayalam name of tukmaria or sabja seed or falooda seed. K green writing 2 xenophobia xenophobia can be seen throughout everyday life and throughout the world in several different cultures with the many differences and struggles that are faced in the world, it is almost inevitable to go throughout life without passing judgment on another. Further the research will comprise of an introduction.

Causes and effects of xenophobia, the strange fear of strangers. As we evolved the most dangerous animal a human could encounter was an unfamiliar human. Humans, being the most advanced living creatures on earth too are scared and afraid of things. What caused the xenophobic attacks in south africa. Understanding the causes and the nature of xenophobia in. Report on racism and xenophobia in the member states of the eu. Bronwyn harris is a former project manager at the centre for the study of violence and reconciliation. Skilled migrants come into the country and contribute to the working force negative effects 1. The report found many of the underlying tensions between foreigners and locals had roots in the xenophobia violence of 2008, when 62 people including south africans were killed. Xenophobia in south africa is a phenomenon synonymous with violence and hatred towards foreigners. Xenophobia is the abnormal fear or envy or hatred of foreignersstrangers in a country by the citizens living in that country. Xenophobia is neither the fear of xeni, nor of xena.

As a result, xenophobic attack is just the attack of such foreigners by the citizens in that country due to the abnormal fear or envy or hatred of them. For example, racial discrimination affects people suffered from ethnic discrimination, leading to. Xenophobia is a severe aversion to foreigners, strangers, their politics and cultures. A retrospective study of the effects of xenophobia on. With south africa, there is always an issue to contend with. The system of racism, racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerances is broadly entrenched and involves generationally transmitted material deprivation and disparities, institutional arrangements and norms, beliefs and ideologies of cultural superiority, and negative psychological consequences for the oppressed and oppressors. Often, the term xenophobia is used interchangeably with racism, yet the two are actually different in that one is much more specific than the other. Manifestations of xenophobia are usually triggered by intense dislike or hatred against. Pdf on jul 1, 2011, lukong stella shulika and others published an analysis of the causes, effects and ramifications of xenophobia in south africa find, read and cite all the research you need. The concept xenophobia is not a new phenomenon and has become a major, worldwide problem especially in this contemporary era. So in other words, xenophobia was a very crucial part of. Worth noting is the 2008 and the 2009 xenophobic attacks that were perpetrated in various parts of south africa. It is important to recognize that these hypotheses are not mutually exclusive, but rather offer different levels of explanation for xenophobia.

An unfounded morbid fear or hatred of strangers or foreigners. A report by the human sciences research council identified four broad causes for the violence. It does not, however, provide guidance or indicators for assessing the root causes. Among the many reasons for the crisis faced by south africa. The term xenophobia comes from the greek words xenos, meaning foreigner, stranger, and phobos, meaning fear. Xenophobia may sound like a groovy disco move, but it is a serious anxiety disorder. Xenophobia is a dislike andor fear of that which is unknown or different from one. Despite a lack of directly comparable data, xenophobia in south africa is perceived to have significantly increased after the election of a black majority government in 1994. Xenophobia symptoms, diagnosis, treatments and causes. Although there are no appropriate records, the south african bigotry.

Xenophobia is presented as a concept descriptive of a socially observable phenomenon. One of the reasons for xenophobia is the large competition for a good job. The term is typically used to describe a fear or dislike foreigners or of people significantly different a retrospective study of the effects of. Agricultural industry body agrisa condemned the violence and xenophobic attacks in sa, warning that the violence has a negative impact on the economy. Xenophobia with related symptoms can be caused by an extremely traumatic experience, such as a violent assault by a foreigner, a terrorist attack, or genocide. Another thing to notice of is the causes of xenophobia. Several of the structural causes of xenophobia are laid out, following by context. Shantel mayinoti 11a english oral task 19 august 20 topic.